PENGGUNAAN CAN DAN COULD
Kita menggunakan
can dan
could untuk menunjukkan kebiasaan atau kemampuan.
Rumus:
*BENTUK PRESENT:
verbal Nominal
(+)S+CAN+V-1+O. (+)S+CAN+BE+COMPLEMENT.
(-)S+CAN+NOT+V-1+O. (-)S+CAN+NOT+BE+COMPLEMENT.
(?)CAN+S+V-1+O+? (?)CAN+S+BE+COMPLEMENT+?
(+)He can drive a car. (+)He can be here.
(-)He can't drive a car . (-)He can not be here.
(?)Can he drive a car? (?)Can he be here?
*BENTUK PAST:
(+)S+COULD+V-1+O.
(-)S+COULD+NOT+V-1+O.
(?)COULD+S+V-1+O+?
(+)He could deive a car.
(-)He could not drive a car.
(?)could he drive a car?
Berdasarkan contoh di atas,could dapat digunakan sebagai bentuk lampau dari can.Selain untuk menunjukkan ability(kebiasaan/kemampuan),modal can dan could memiliki fungsi lain seperti untuk mengekspresikan possibility,impossibility,permission,instruction and request, dan invitation.
Possibility(kemungkinan)
Can digunakan untuk menunjukkan apa yang mungkin terjadi.
Contoh:
We can easily lose our way in the dark.
It can be very hot in summer.
It can be very costly shopping here.
➤Could sebagai bentuk lampau dari can.
Contoh:
We could easily lose our way in the dark.
It could be very hot in summer.
➤Could digunakan untuk menunjukkan adanya kemungkinan yang terjadi di masa mendatang tapi tidak pasti.
If we don't hurry,we could be late.
You could have finished hours ago.
They could have gone now.
➤
Could dapat digunakan untuk menunjukkan sesuatu mungkin terjadi sekarang atau beberapa waktu lalu.
It's nine o'clock.She could have arrived now.
You could have finished hours ago.
They could have gone now.
Impossibility(ketidakmungkinan)
Can't atau cannot menunjukkan apa yang tidak mungkin terjadi.
Contoh:
It can't be true.
You cannot be serious.
We can't finish it.
➤Couldn't atau could not sebagai bentuk lampau dari can't atau cannot.
It couldn't be true.
You couldn't be serious.
We couldn't finish it.
Permission(izin)
➤
Can dapat digunakan untuk meminta izin melakukan sesuatu.
Can I ask something? ➟ Could I ask you something?
Can we go now? ➞ Could we go now?
Can I go to your house? ➞ Could I go to your house?
Could pada contoh di atas menunjukkan kalimat lebih formal dan sopan daripada can.
➤
Can juga dapat digunakan untuk memberi izin
Contoh:You can ask me about something.
You can go home now.
You can go to my house.
➤Can dapat digunakan untuk mengatakan bahwa seseorang diizinkan untuk melakukan sesuatu.
Contoh:
We can go to back whenever we want.
They can travel free.
Students can follow the additional test.
Instruction and request(Instruksi dan permintaan)
Contoh:
Could you make a cup of coffee?
Could I have my bill please?
Could we have our orders?
➤
Can dapat digunakan untuk mengajukan permintaan atau memerintah namun dirasa kurang sopan.
Offer and Invitation(penawaran dan undangan)
➤Can I dapat digunakan untuk menawarkan sesuatu.
Contoh:
Can I do it for you?
Can I help you?
Can I carry them for you?
➤Could you dapat digumakan untuk mengundang seseorang.Contoh:
Contoh:
Could you join us in our party tonight?
Could you have a dinner with me?
Could you come to my house?
Thank for reading
GRAMMAR FOR TOEFL 2 LENGKAP in my blog.
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